Modern Programming
Best Programming Languages to Learn in 2021
In the past, few people were considered computer programmers with advanced coding skills. Today, many IT jobs require a solid understanding of the top programming languages - yes, more than one.
If you are trying to advance in your career or change careers completely and need to master a programming language, you may be wondering which one to study. After all, it will take time and money to learn the language, so you want to make the right choice.
Several considerations come into play when making a decision, such as the level of difficulty you want to learn, the knowledge you already have that aligns with existing coding skills, or your reasons for learning a top programming language.
Whether you want to develop mobile applications, get certified for programming knowledge, or learn a new skill, you need to learn the right programming language. Below you will learn about 10 popular programming languages that will be in demand among employers in 2021. You will find out about each language, its complexity, and how it is used.
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Top Programming Languages to Learn in 2021
1. Python
Python is one of the most commonly used programming languages today and is easy for beginners to learn because it is easy to read. It is a free open source programming language with extensive support and community development modules, easy integration with web services, user-friendly data structures, and a GUI based desktop application. It is a popular programming language for machine learning and deep learning applications.
Python is used to develop 2D imaging and 3D animation packages such as Blender, Inkscape, and Autodesk. It has also been used to create popular video games, including Civilization IV, Vegas Trike, and Toontown. Python is used for scientific and computational applications such as FreeCAD and Abacus as well as by popular websites such as YouTube, Quora, Pinterest, and Instagram. Python developers earn an average annual salary of around $ 72,500 .
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| Level: | Beginner – Python allows a beginner to be productive quickly |
| Skills Required: | Problem solving, abstract thinking |
| Peron: | Web, Desktop |
| Popularity Among Programmers: | It continues to be more popular |
| Benefits: | FlexibleCan be read naturally / intuitivelyHighly respected official tutorials and documentationWritten as opposed to compiled |
| Loss: | Does not start with programming basics (it is known that too many abstracts of essential basic concepts are known) |
| Popularity: | It is becoming more and more popular continuously both in technical education and in business use |
| Usage Level: | Widely used coding skills; popular in technical education and business use |
| Projected Annual Salary: | $ 72.500 |
2. Java
Java is one of the best-selling computer programming languages that are most commonly used today.
Owned by Oracle Corporation, a general-purpose programming language with its object-oriented structure has become the standard for applications that can be used regardless of the platform (e.g., Mac, Windows, Android, iOS, etc.) due to its Write Once nature, Run Anywhere (WORA) capability. As a result, Java is known for its portability across platforms, from mainframe data centers to smartphones. There are currently more than 3 billion devices running applications built on Java.
Java is widely used in web and application development as well as big data. Java is also used on the back of several popular websites, including Google, Amazon, Twitter, and YouTube. It is also widely used in hundreds of applications. New Java frameworks such as Spring, Struts, and Hibernate are also very popular. With millions of Java developers worldwide, there are hundreds of ways to learn Java. In addition, Java programmers have a wide online community and support each other to solve problems.
Java is a more complex language to learn, but experienced developers with Java coding skills are in high demand. The average Java developer makes about $ 79,000 annually .
| Level: | Intermediate |
| Skills Required: | Problem solving, knowledge of object-oriented structures |
| Peron: | Web, Mobile, Desktop |
| Popularity Among Programmers: | One of the most popular in the world; high demand |
| Benefits: | Considered a great start to learning to think like a programmer and gaining coding skillsYou will be able to access / manipulate the most important computer functions, such as file systems, graphics, and sounds for a fairly sophisticated and modern program that can run on any operating system. |
| Loss: | Lots of new vocabulary to learn; higher level language |
| Usage Level: | Many used; very applicable |
| Projected Annual Salary: | $ 79,000 |
3. Kotlin
Kotlin is a general-purpose programming language originally developed and launched as Project Kotlin by JetBrains in 2011. The first version was officially released in 2016. It can operate with Java and supports functional programming languages.
Kotlin is used extensively for Android applications, web applications, desktop applications, and server-side application development. Kotlin is built to be better than Java, and people who use this language are sure. Most of Google’s apps are based on Kotlin. Some of the companies that use Kotlin as their programming language include Coursera, Pinterest, PostMates, and many others.
Kotlin developers produce average – average $ 136 000 a year , with potential to generate up to $ 171 500.
| Level: | Intermediate to proficient |
| Skills Required: | Previous experience with programming languages, particularly Java |
| Peron: | Web, Mobile, Desktop, Server |
| Popularity Among Programmers: | Increasing popularity; used for Android applications |
| Benefits: | Less code-heavy than Java and other languages;Relatively easy to adoptFully compatible with Java |
| Loss: | Fluctuating compilation speed; no static keywords in Kotlin |
| Usage Level: | Many used; very applicable |
| Projected Annual Salary: | $ 136,000 |
4. Fast
A few years ago, Swift entered the top 10 in TIOBE’s monthly Index ranking of popular programming languages. Apple developed Swift in 2014 for Linux and Mac applications.
An easy-to-learn open source programming language, Swift supports almost everything from the Objective-C programming language. Swift requires less coding skills compared to other programming languages, and can be used with the IBM Swift Sandbox and IBM Bluemix. Swift is used in popular iOS apps like WordPress, Mozilla Firefox, SoundCloud, and even in the game Flappy Bird. Professionals developing iOS applications earn an average annual salary of around $ 96,000 .
| Level: | Beginner to intermediate |
| Skills Required: | Willingness to spend time reading tutorials (which are widely available); no prior experience with programming languages is required |
| Peron: | Mobile (Apple iOS app, in particular) |
| Popularity Among Programmers: | Increasingly popular, especially among Apple iOS application developers |
| Benefits: | Relatively easy to learnClean syntaxLess codeFaster than comparable programming languagesOpen source |
| Loss: | Still a young language; poor interoperability with third party tools; lacks support for previous iOS versions |
| Usage Level: | It is widely used to create iOS apps that are used on iPhone, iPad, and Apple Watch |
| Projected Annual Salary: | $ 96,000 |
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5. C #
Developed by Microsoft, C # rose to prominence in the 2000s for supporting object-oriented programming concepts. It is one of the most powerful programming languages for the .NET framework. Anders Hejlsberg, the creator of C #, says the language is more like C ++ than Java.
It is most suitable for applications on Windows, Android, and iOS, as it requires the help of an integrated development environment product, Microsoft Visual C ++. C # is used on the back of some popular websites such as Bing, Dell, Visual Studio, and MarketWatch. C # developers make around $ 68,500 per year .
| Level: | Intermediate |
| Skills Required: | A basic understanding of how to code |
| Peron: | Cross-platform, including mobile and enterprise software applications |
| Popularity Among Programmers: | Relatively popular, but not as popular as Java (its closest rival) |
| Benefits: | Fast Easy to useObject orientedScalable and updatableCan be operated with other codesOpen sourceExtensive library |
| Loss: | Less flexible, as it relies on Microsoft’s .Net framework; Bad x-platform GUI |
| Usage Level: | Used by about a third of all software developers, especially relevant to Microsoft developers |
| Projected Annual Salary: | $ 68.500 |
6. C and C ++
C is probably the oldest programming language in common use and is the root of other programming languages such as C #, Java, and JavaScript. C ++ is an enhanced version of C. Many current developers skip learning C on their own, while others think that learning C first provides a valuable foundation for C ++ development. Both languages are widely used in computer science and programming.
C and C ++ developers can use compilers for a wide variety of platforms, making applications developed in this language largely portable. Both C and C ++ are considered high-performance languages. As such, they are widely used in developing applications where performance is a critical issue, such as client / server applications, commercial products such as Firefox and Adobe, and video games. C and C ++ developers make an average of $ 76,500 annually .
| Level: | C – Intermediate to Proficient C ++ – Beginner to Secondary |
| Skills Required: | Problem solving, basic computer knowledge. Because C and C ++ are geared towards low-level computer resource management, knowledge of computer functions such as memory management is beneficial. |
| Peron: | Mobile, Desktop, Embedded |
| Popularity Among Programmers: | C – There has been a higher migration from C to C ++C ++ – One of the most popular languages in the world |
| Benefits: | C – Used to learn the basics of programming at the lowest (hardware) levelC ++ – allows for much higher “control” than other languages |
| Loss: | C – Coding in C is tighter, not a beginner friendly language, steeper learning curveC ++ – A little more challenging to learn and be productive than C (and even more than Java) |
| Usage Level: | C – One of the most widely usedC ++ – Widely used |
| Projected Annual Salary: | $ 76.500 |
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7. Go
Go was developed by Google in 2007 for API and web applications. Go has recently become one of the fastest growing programming languages due to its simplicity, as well as its ability to handle multicore systems and networks and a very large codebase.
Go, also known as Golang, was created to meet the needs of programmers working on large projects. It has gained popularity among many large IT companies thanks to its simple and modern structure and syntactic familiarity. Companies that use Go as their programming language include Google, Uber, Twitch, Dropbox, and many others. Go is also gaining popularity among data scientists because of its agility and performance.
Go Developers can obtain an annual salary average – average $ 92 000 , and up to $ 134,000.
| Level: | Beginner to intermediate |
| Skills Required: | It’s easy to learn if you already know at least one other programming language; otherwise, you just need patience and a willingness to learn. |
| Peron: | Cross platform, especially desktop |
| Popularity Among Programmers: | Not as popular as Java or Python, but increasing in popularity |
| Benefits: | Is widely considered a “minimalistic” language Easy to learnTransparent codeSuitableFast |
| Loss: | There are no generics (meaning you will probably write more code than you would in any other language); very little library support; The go developer community is not very strong or supportive |
| Usage Level: | Widely used, especially for Google applications (made on Google) |
| Projected Annual Salary: | $ 92.000 |
8. PHP
PHP is an open source programming language created in 1990. Many web developers will find it important to learn PHP, as it is used to build more than 80% of websites on the Internet, including those such as Facebook and Yahoo.
Programmers mainly use PHP mainly for writing server side scripts. But developers can also use this language to write command line scripts, and programmers with a high level of PHP coding skills can also use it to develop desktop applications.
PHP is considered a relatively easy language to learn for novice developers. PHP professionals have a number of dedicated online communities, making it easy to get support and answers to questions.
On average, PHP programmers earn an average annual salary of around $ 81,500.
| Level: | Beginner to intermediate |
| Skills Required: | Simple if you have a programming language background, but relatively easy to learn for newcomers |
| Peron: | Cross platform (desktop, mobile, web) |
| Popularity Among Programmers: | Used by almost 80% of all active websites, so it is very popular among web developers |
| Benefits: | Open sourceIt is easy to develop and can be integrated with a variety of toolsCost effectiveBe flexible with database connectivity |
| Loss: | Not very safe; not suitable for large applications; poor error handling; cannot support a large number of applications |
| Usage Level: | Despite being used by a large proportion of websites, their usage is decreasing |
| Projected Annual Salary: | $ 81.500 |
9. Matlab
Matlab is a proprietary programming language that belongs to MathWorks and was originally released in the mid-1980s. It was built especially for use by scientists and engineers.
Programmers use Matlab to build machine learning and deep learning applications. The Matlab-based program allows users to analyze data, create algorithms, process images, and verify research.
In general, Matlab is easier to learn than the other programming languages on our list. The MathWorks website has an extensive section dedicated to answering questions about Matlab.
The average developer Matlab bring home a median salary – average $ 101,000 annually .
| Level: | Beginner |
| Skills Required: | Basic knowledge of programming is recommended, but not mandatory |
| Peron: | Mostly desktops |
| Popularity Among Programmers: | Not as popular as Python (its closest rival), but increasing popularity for hardware engineering and visualization running |
| Benefits: | Can be used to run and test algorithms with easeEasy to debugAllows extensive data analysis and visualizationRelatively easy to learn |
| Loss: | As an interpreted (vs. compiled) language, it is relatively slow; The installation file takes up a lot of space on the computer |
| Usage Level: | Not widely used, outside the domain of science and research |
| Projected Annual Salary: | $ 101.000 |
11. R
R is an open source language which is basically a different version of the S language. Much of the code that developers write for S runs on R without modification.
Applications built on R are used for statistical processing, including linear and nonlinear modeling, computation, testing, visualization, and analysis. Applications coded using R can interact with a number of databases and process structured and unstructured data.
R has a moderate learning curve and is not as easy for beginners to learn as some of the other languages in this article. However, like other open source programming languages, R boasts an active online developer community, which is always a plus when learning new coding skills.
On average, R developers earn an average annual salary of about $ 91,000 .
| Level: | Intermediate |
| Skills Required: | It’s easier if you already know Javascript or Python, but recommended for people with a solid understanding of math |
| Peron: | Especially desktops |
| Popularity Among Programmers: | Not as popular as it used to be, mainly due to the soaring popularity of the rival language Python |
| Benefits: | Open sourceGreat support for managing dataVarious kinds of packages are available Cross -functional with Linux, Windows, and Mac OSIdeal for machine learning applications |
| Loss: | Objects are stored in physical memory, which can be taxing resources; lacks basic security; slower than Matlab or Python |
| Usage Level: | Widely used for analytics |
| Projected Annual Salary: | $ 91,000 |
11. Ruby
If you want to start with a language that is known to be relatively easy to learn, consider Ruby. Developed in the 1990s, it was designed to have a more human-friendly syntax while remaining flexible from the point of view of an object-oriented architecture that supports both procedural and functional programming notations. The web application framework implemented in Ruby is Ruby on Rails (“RoR”). Ruby developers praise it for the language is easy to write and also for the relatively short learning time required. These attributes have resulted in a large Ruby developer community and a growing interest in the language among budding developers. The average salary for a Ruby developer is nearly $ 90,000 per year.
| Level: | Beginner – Ruby and Ruby on Rails have grown to be very popular with web developers. |
| Skills Required: | Problem solving, abstract thinking (ability to visualize what application the user would like to see) |
| Peron: | Web |
| Popularity Among Programmers: | To increase |
| Benefits: | FlexibleThe syntax is considered easy to read and write (no special “vocabulary” to start with)Adopt a good programming style |
| Usage Level: | Least widely used |
| Projected Annual Salary: | $ 90,000 |
How do I get started?
While there are hundreds of programming languages, very few are on the short list that you should know about, and the seven languages described above are at the top of that list, in our opinion, as training providers. If you’re looking to start a career as a programmer, make a lateral move to another field, or improve your current job, studying one of these languages is an excellent place to start your transition. And since courses range from Python for beginners to Java for experienced ones, you can find one that’s right for you.
Once you’ve decided to learn a new language, go to Simplilearn for training and certification. We offer courses in all seven of these languages ( Java , Javascript , C, C #, Python , Swift and Ruby), plus others, all with content developed by industry leaders, an emphasis on hands-on learning, and 24×7 support. You will learn the language, plus the credibility of the certification. And then you can land one of the high paying programmer jobs!
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